Five Pillars of Reading Instruction
Fluency
Phonics
Phonemic Awareness
Comprehension
Vocabulary
The Florida Center for Reading Research has letter fluency activities to help students start mastering reading fluency skills.
Intervention Central has a number of evidence-based interventions to help improve reading fluency skills. These can be used individually or in small-group settings in the classroom.
Reading Rockets provides some guidelines for teachers when helping students with reading fluency. This includes helping students reread passages to gain fluency as well as comprehension.
Phonological Awareness Interventions
Phonological awareness is the consciousness of the sounds in words. It is a broad term and includes the ability to perceive syllables and rhymes, as well as individual speech sounds, or phonemes (Gunning, 2013). It is an important and reliable predictor of later reading ability (Nunes et al., 2001).
Phonemic awareness is the specific ability to focus and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words (phonemes). Interventions that focus on phonological and phonemic awareness help students learn and blend letter sounds to make words. These are usually used in grades K-3, and work on improving the connection between letter sounds and whole word reading.
This website has some background on phonemic awareness and related activities for parents and teachers.
This website has a series of phonological awareness activities, categorized by grade and activities (rhyming, sentence segmentation, syllable awareness, blending phonemes, and phoneme deletion).
The Florida Center for Reading Research has various teacher-guided activities that can be used in learning centers in the classroom.
Reading Rockets has a number of different phonological awareness activities that can be done in the classroom.
For other activities, or to create your own, there are Pinterest pages devoted to phonological awareness that can help engage your students more effectively.
Phonics
Phonics is a method of teaching reading and writing by developing phonemic awareness, which is the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate phonemes. It is the connection of letters and sounds, and the goal of phonics is to enable readers to be able to decode new words by sounding them out and blending the sounds to make words.
This website has free Tier 1 and 2 phonics interventions that are from evidence-based sources.
Reading Rockets has a chart of phonics interventions that can be purchased by the school for class/grade-wide, small group, and intensive interventions.
The Florida Center for Reading Research provides some phonics activities for beginning readers.
Comprehension
Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it fully, and understand the meaning. Reading Rockets provides some strategies for teaching text comprehension in the classroom setting.
Intervention Central includes a number of evidence-based reading comprehension strategies, including story mapping, keyword memorization, and using prior knowledge.
This website provides free reading comprehension passages and worksheets for students in upper elementary and middle school.
This chart has further reading comprehension strategies and questions to ask students while they are reading.
Vocabulary
This is the body of words we use to express ourselves. This website includes various strategies for teaching both easy (most used) and more difficult vocabulary words in the classroom. This website provides some strategies for teaching common core vocabulary words.
There are number of free vocabulary interventions, as well as those that require certain technology (iPad).
There are some vocabulary strategies that include multi-media approaches to learning new vocabulary words (drawing, word splash, graffiti).
Fluency
Phonics
Phonemic Awareness
Comprehension
Vocabulary
Reading Fluency Interventions
Reading fluency is the ability to read text accurately, automatically, and with appropriate expression. It is thought of as a bridge between word decoding and reading comprehension. It is a set of skills that allows the reader to quickly decode text while being able to comprehend what was read.The Florida Center for Reading Research has letter fluency activities to help students start mastering reading fluency skills.
Intervention Central has a number of evidence-based interventions to help improve reading fluency skills. These can be used individually or in small-group settings in the classroom.
Reading Rockets provides some guidelines for teachers when helping students with reading fluency. This includes helping students reread passages to gain fluency as well as comprehension.
This website for teachers provides multiple reading fluency strategies that can be used in the classroom.
Phonological awareness is the consciousness of the sounds in words. It is a broad term and includes the ability to perceive syllables and rhymes, as well as individual speech sounds, or phonemes (Gunning, 2013). It is an important and reliable predictor of later reading ability (Nunes et al., 2001).
Phonemic awareness is the specific ability to focus and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words (phonemes). Interventions that focus on phonological and phonemic awareness help students learn and blend letter sounds to make words. These are usually used in grades K-3, and work on improving the connection between letter sounds and whole word reading.
This website has some background on phonemic awareness and related activities for parents and teachers.
This website has a series of phonological awareness activities, categorized by grade and activities (rhyming, sentence segmentation, syllable awareness, blending phonemes, and phoneme deletion).
The Florida Center for Reading Research has various teacher-guided activities that can be used in learning centers in the classroom.
Reading Rockets has a number of different phonological awareness activities that can be done in the classroom.
For other activities, or to create your own, there are Pinterest pages devoted to phonological awareness that can help engage your students more effectively.
Phonics
Phonics is a method of teaching reading and writing by developing phonemic awareness, which is the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate phonemes. It is the connection of letters and sounds, and the goal of phonics is to enable readers to be able to decode new words by sounding them out and blending the sounds to make words.
This website has free Tier 1 and 2 phonics interventions that are from evidence-based sources.
Reading Rockets has a chart of phonics interventions that can be purchased by the school for class/grade-wide, small group, and intensive interventions.
The Florida Center for Reading Research provides some phonics activities for beginning readers.
Comprehension
Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it fully, and understand the meaning. Reading Rockets provides some strategies for teaching text comprehension in the classroom setting.
Intervention Central includes a number of evidence-based reading comprehension strategies, including story mapping, keyword memorization, and using prior knowledge.
This website provides free reading comprehension passages and worksheets for students in upper elementary and middle school.
This chart has further reading comprehension strategies and questions to ask students while they are reading.
Vocabulary
This is the body of words we use to express ourselves. This website includes various strategies for teaching both easy (most used) and more difficult vocabulary words in the classroom. This website provides some strategies for teaching common core vocabulary words.
There are number of free vocabulary interventions, as well as those that require certain technology (iPad).
There are some vocabulary strategies that include multi-media approaches to learning new vocabulary words (drawing, word splash, graffiti).
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